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Birks' Law
Birks' Law is an empirical formula for the light yield per path length as a function of the energy loss per path length for a particle traversing a scintillator, and gives a relation that is not linear at high loss rates. The relation is:
:
where ''L'' is the light yield, ''dE/dx'' is the energy loss of the particle per path length, and ''kB'' is Birks' constant, which depends on the material. ''kB'' is 0.126 mm/MeV for polystyrene-based scintillators and 1.26–2.07 g/(MeV cm2) for polyvinyltoluene-based scintillators.
Birks speculated that the loss of linearity is due to recombination and quenching effects between the excited molecules and the surrounding substrate. Birks' Law has mostly been tested for organic scintillators. Its applicability to inorganic scintillators is debated. A good discussion can be found in ''Particle Detectors at Accelerators: Organic scintillators''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】first=Kurtis )〕 A compilation of Birks' constant for various materials can be found in ''Semi-empirical calculation of quenching factors for ions in scintillators''. A more complete theory of scintillation saturation, that gives Birks' law when only unimoleucular de-excitation is included, can be found in a paper by Blanc, Cambou, and De Laford
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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